Database guide last
updated May 21, 2024

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Wolters Kluwer Health

The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) is a highly concentrated source of reports of randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials. Most CENTRAL records are taken from bibliographic databases (mainly PubMed and Embase.com), but records are also derived from other published and unpublished sources, including CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. CENTRAL first began publication in 1996, but its composite nature means that it does not have an inception (start) date, in the way that other traditional biomedical databases do.

In addition to bibliographic details (author, source, year, etc.) CENTRAL records will often include an abstract (a summary of the article). They do not contain the full text of the article. Records are included irrespective of language or date of publication.

All Cochrane Review Groups, and a few Cochrane Fields, maintain a collection of reports of controlled trials relevant to its own area of interest; these are called Specialized Registers. Unique content (i.e. records not already identified in PubMed, etc.) from these Specialized Registers is published in CENTRAL. Groups may also collect items that are not relevant to the individual fields of interest, and these 'handsearch results' are also added to CENTRAL. Some Cochrane Centres search the general healthcare literature of their countries or regions and also contribute records to CENTRAL.

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Accession Number
  CN-00015157 UPDATE
Author
  Lee KH, Hill E, Johnston R, Smiehorowski T  
Title
  Myofeedback for muscle retraining in hemiplegic patients.
Source
  Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 57(12):588-91, 1976 Dec.
Abstract
  The use of audiovisual displays of myoelectric potentials (myofeedback) has been suggested for
  retraining and strengthening of paretic muscles in patients with hemiplegia from stroke. This 
  controlled study examines the specificity and efficiency of myofeedback in the strengthening of 
  paretic muscles in hemiplegic patients. Eighteen patients with trace to fair-minus grade of deltoid
  muscle power resulting from strokes that had occurred at least six weeks earlier were randomly 
  assigned to the six possible orders of accurate (true), positive noncontingent (placebo) and no 
  feedback conditions. On three successive days, each patient received one session of each feedback
  condition, consisting of 20 isometric contractions of five seconds each with ten seconds of 
  intervening rests. In addition, each patient's motivational level was rated. Averaged myoelectric 
  potentials were quantified for each contraction for analysis. When the data were analyzed without 
  grouping, no statistical differences among the three feedback conditions were noted. However, 
  when the subjects were grouped according to age and motivational level, during true and no 
  feedback sessions, the older and the poorly motivated groups were found to show progressive 
  increment of myoelectric output, whereas the younger and the better motivated showed the 
  opposite results. With placebo feedback, both groups showed progressive decrement of myoelectric 
  output. It is concluded that the effect of myofeedback is nonspecific at least in its short-term 
  application for the retraining of hemiplegically paretic muscles.
Publication Type
  Clinical Trial. Journal Article. Randomized Controlled Trial
External Accession Number
  PubMed Identifier 999485
  Embase 1978004798
Cochrane Group Name
  The Behavioral Medicine Field was deregistered in May 2010
  Complementary Medicine Field (not a CRG)
  Cochrane Stroke Group
Subject Headings
  Adult
  Aged
  Humans
  Middle Aged
  Biofeedback, Psychology
  Electromyography
  Exercise Therapy
  *Hemiplegia/rh [Rehabilitation]
  Muscles
  Shoulder
ISSN
  0003-9993
Language
  English
Update Flag
  UPDATE
Update Code
  201400  

Accession Number
  CN-00802775 UPDATE
Author
  Abbas DN, Hosny HA, El-Awady GA, Aebade A
Institution
  H. A. Hosny, 5-277 Street, New Maadi-Cairo, Egypt. E-mail: [email protected]
Title
  The effects of dexmedetomidine, as an anaesthetic adjunctive, on the criteria of wake up test during scoliosis surgeries
Source
  Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia. 24(3):201-8, 2008.
Absract
  Background: Surgical correction of scoliosis introduces many challenges to anesthetists. Of 
  paramount importance is awareness of the risk of injury to the spinal cord. So, careful intra-
  operative monitoring, of spinal function is essential. The intra-operative wake-up test is still 
  considered to be the 'gold standard'. Successful wake-up test needs the anesthetic regimen to 
  enable a rapid patient recovery, immediate neurological examination and hemodynamic stability. 
  The study was done to show if inclusion of dexmedetomidine into the anesthetic regimen could achieve 
  such goals. Methods: 30 ASA I-II patients scheduled for surgical correction of scoliosis. patients 
  were divided randomly into two groups. Control group: anesthesia was maintained with propofol and 
  fentanyl infusion. Dexmedetomidine group: anesthesia was maintained with propofol, fentanyl and 
  dexmedetomidine infusion. In both groups, propofol and fentanyl doses are adjusted targeting BIS 
  value (40-50). Wake up test was done, the patient was first asked to move his/her fingers. The 
  patient was then instructed to move both his/her fingers and toes and, finally, was asked to 
  remember a given color. Wake up time [time from the discontinuation of anaesthesia (T1) until 
  responding to verbal command (T2) , quality of the wake-up, base line value (T0) of bispectral index 
  and its values at (T1&T2) were recorded. Also the total amounts of propofol and fentanyl infused 
  were calculated. Results: the wake up time (T1-T2) was significantly shorter in the dexomedetomidine 
  group (6.9 min. vs. 12.1 min.). The number of patients in whom the quality of the wake up test was
  ranked as good, was significantly higher in dexmedetomidine group. The total amount of propofol and 
  fentanyl infused were significantly lower in Dexmedetomidine group. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine as 
  an anesthetic adjunct, during scoliosis surgeries has shortened time needed for response to verbal 
  command during wake up test and improved the quality of the patient's wake up.
Keywords
  EMBASE keywords: adjuvant therapy // adolescent // adult // anesthesia induction // article // bispectral index // clinical article // clinical  trial // controlled clinical trial // controlled study 
  // drug efficacy // drug infusion // female // finger // health care quality //   
  hemodynamic parameters // human // loading drug dose // male // prospective study // randomized controlled trial // *scoliosis/su [Surgery] //
  *spine surgery // surgical technique // toe // verbal behavior // *wake up test // *wakefulness // cisatracurium // *dexmedetomidine/do [Drug
  Dose] // fentanyl // midazolam // propofol // sodium chloride
Publication Type
  Journal: Article
External Accession Number
  Embase 2010651446
Study Design
  Randomised controlled trials
ISSN
  1110-1849
Language
  English  
Update Flag
  UPDATE
Update Code
  201400

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