Evidence Based Medicine Reviews:
ACP Journal Club Database Guide
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ACP Journal Club (ACP) is part of Ovid's Evidence Based Medicine Reviews collection, and consists of two journals, ACP Journal Club, a publication of the American College of Physicians, and Evidence-Based Medicine, a joint publication of the American College of Physicians and the British Medical Journal Group.

ACP Journal Club includes studies which ACP's editors have selected as methodologically sound and clinically relevant. The editors screen the top clinical journals for articles, and write enhanced abstracts and commentary on the study's value, helping clinicians to quickly understand and apply to their practice important changes in medical knowledge, without having to read and synthesize thousands of journal articles.

ACP includes bi-directional links with Ovid MEDLINE and Ovid Full text.

ACP Journal Club contains the complete contents of the database dating back to 1991. In January of 2000, ACP Journal Club and Evidence-Based Medicine merged and, as of that date, all new content is listed as coming from the ACP Journal Club. The Evidence-Based Medicine Table of Contents is maintained for issues prior to 2000.

Segments and Years of Coverage
Name   Years of Coverage
ACP   1991 - present

This database does not support Ovid's AutoAlerts. If you want to create a reusable search strategy, save the search as a Permanent Saved Search instead. See the OvidSP Online Help System for details about saved searches.

 

Fields
The following list is sorted alphabetically by field alias. Click a field name to see the description and search information.
All Fields in this Database
  Abstract (AB) Document Type (DT) Reviewed Article Date of Publication (DO)
  All Searchable Fields (AF) Full Text (TX) Reviewed Article Issue/Part (PO)
  Accession Number (AN) Institution (IN) Reviewed Article Journal Name (SJ)
  Author (AU) ISSN (IS) Reviewed Article Journal Word (RW)
  Author's Response (AP) Issue/Part (IP) Reviewed Article Pages (GO)
  Byline Text (BT) Journal Name (JN) Reviewed Article Title (TO)
  Caption Text (CT) Journal Words (JW) Reviewed Article Volume (DV)
  Cited Author (CA) Keywords (KW) Reviewed Source (SR)
  Commentary (CM) Language (LG) Source (SO)
  Commentary Author (AM) Pages (PG) Text Word (TW)
  Commentary Author's Institution (CI) Publication Date (PD) Title (TI)
  Contents by Journal Name (TJ) Publication Type (PT) Update Code (UP)
  Contents by Volume (TV) References (RF) Volume (VO)
  Date of Publication (DP) Reviewed Article Author (AY) Year of Publication (YR)
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Default Fields for Unqualified Searches (MP): Searching for a term without specifying a field in Advanced search, or specifying .mp., defaults to the following ‘multi-purpose’ (.mp.) fields for this database:ti,ab,hw.
  Abstract (AB) Document Type (DT) Publication Type (PT)
  Accession Number (AN) Institution (IN) References (RF)
  Author (AU) ISSN (IS) Reviewed Source (SR)
  Commentary Author (AM) Keywords (KW) Source (SO)
  Commentary Author's Institution (CI) Local Messages (LM) Title (TI)
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Default Fields for Display, Print, Email, and Save: The following fields are included by default for each record.

  Abstract (AB) Full Text (TX) Title (TI)
  Caption Text (CT) Keywords (KW)  
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All Fields for Display, Print, Email, and Save: Use the Select Fields button in the Results Manager at the bottom of the Main Search Page to choose the fields for a record.

  Abstract (AB) Document Type (DT) References (RF)
  Accession Number (AN) Institution (IN) Reviewed Source (SR)
  Author (AU) ISSN (IS) Source (SO)
  Author's Response (AP) Keywords (KW) Title (TI)
  Commentary (CM) Language (LG) Update Code (UP)
  Commentary Author (AM) Local Messages (LM)  
  Commentary Author's Institution (CI) Publication Type (PT)  
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Elements of Source (SO) Field: Ovid searches the following fields as part of the record source.
  Date of Publication (DP) Journal Name (JN) Volume (VO)
  Issue/Part (IP) Pages (PG) Year of Publication (YR)
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The following list is sorted alphabetically by the two-letter label, and includes the relevant alias, at least one example for all searchable fields, and a description of the field.
Label Name / Example
AB Abstract [Word Indexed]
bone density.ab.
drug abuse.ab.
 

The Abstract (AB) field summarizes the content of the document and generally describes the background, methods, results, and conclusions. Only documents which appeared in print with an abstract will include an abstract in this database.

Stopwords such as "of" or "the" display in documents but are not searchable and do not appear in the Abstract field.

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AF All Searchable Fields
fatty acid.af.
 

All Fields (AF) is an alias for all of the fields which occur in the source documents, including value-added fields such as Subject Headings.

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AM Commentary Author [Phrase Indexed]
smith.am.
john$.am.
 

The Commentary Author (AM) field contains the names of all the authors of the commentary of the reviewed article, in the order in which they appear in the article. Author names appear in the format of last name followed by first and middle names, or last name followed by two initials.

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AN Accession Number [Phrase Indexed]
00021607-199703000-00031.an.
  The Accession Number (AN) field contains a 22-digit number which uniquely identifies each document in the database. While searching this field, include all leading zeros and internal hyphens. The Accession Number is not related to the 8-digit MEDLINE Unique Identifier.
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AP Author's Response [Word Indexed]
bell's palsy.ap.
consensus.ap.
 

The Author's Response (AP) field contains any response the author of the original article made to the commentary (review) of the original study. Information in the author's response field is also included in the Full Text (TX) field as well. The author's full name is included in this field along with the response.

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AU Author [Phrase Indexed]
ashton carol m.au.
haynes$.au.
 

The Author (AU) field is an alias which includes the names of all authors of a document, including the commentary authors, in the order in which they appear in the article. Author names appear in the format of last name followed by first and middle names, or last name followed by up to two initials.

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AY Reviewed Article Author [Phrase Indexed]
chapman kr.ay.
  The Reviewed Article Author (AY) field contains the names of all the authors of the article or study being reviewed. Type the desired author's last name, followed by a space and the initial, if known. If you are unsure of the spelling of the last name, enter one version and you will be able to scroll through the index of names to find the others.
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BT Byline Text [Word Indexed]
netherlands.bt.,
source of funding.bt.
  The Byline Text (BT) field contains miscellaneous information about the article. Information about grants, dates of publisher acceptance, and so on, is included in this field. If the article was published in both ACP Journal Club and BMJ'sEvidence-Based Medicine, the BMJ citation will appear in this field.
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CA Cited Author [Phrase Indexed]
avorn j.ca.
  The Cited Author (CA) field includes the names of authors cited in references. Author names are entered into the index in the format of last name followed by first and middle names, or last name followed by initials.
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CI Commentary Author's Institution [Word Indexed]
harvard university.ci.,
washington university medical center.ci.
 

The Commentary Author's Institution (CI) field lists the affiliation(s) of the commentary author(s) as noted in the document at the time of publication. The mailing address is often given, as are grant numbers and the names of the institutions financially supporting the research.

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CM Commentary [Word Indexed]
adjuvant therapy.cm.
 

The Commentary (CM) field contains a brief, highly expert comment on the context of each article [appearing in the Reviewed Source (SR) field], its methods and clinical applications that its findings warrant.

Stopwords such as "of" or "the" will display in documents, but are not searchable and will not appear in the Commentary field.

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CT Caption Text [Word Indexed]
mitochondria.ct.
squamous cell.ct.
  The Caption Text (CT) field includes the descriptive text for tables, figures, and other graphics as they appear in the journal in which the document was published.
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DO Reviewed Article Date of Publication [Word Indexed]
"1997".do.
  The Reviewed Article Date of Publication (DO) field contains information such as the season, quarter, month, day, and year of publication for article or study being reviewed. To find reviewed articles published in September, type "sep" and use the index to select all relevant variations. You may want to combine a season or month with a year and a journal name to narrow the results.
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DP Date of Publication [Word Indexed]
"1996".dp.
feb.dp.
  The Date of Publication (DP) field contains the month, year, and possibly day that the journal was published. This field usually displays as part of the Source (SO) field.
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DT Document Type [Phrase Indexed]
prognosis.dt.
quality improvement.dt.
  The Document Type (DT) field supplements the Publication Type (PT) field by providing an additional, more specific description of a document's form and substance. This field will often contain the titles of columns of regular features that are specific to a given journals publication. Enter the first few letters of the desired document type, or root on the letter "a" to view and select from the complete list of document types and words that appear as part of document types.
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DV Reviewed Article Volume [Phrase Indexed]
"17".dv.
  The Reviewed Article Volume (DV) field contains the volume of the printed journal in which the Reviewed Article was published. This field displays as part of the Reviewed Source (SR) field.
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GO Reviewed Article Pages [Phrase Indexed]
"103".go.
  The Reviewed Article Pagination (GO) field contains the starting page number in the printed journal in which the reviewed article was published. This field displays as part of the Reviewed Source (SR) field. Often, a search using the publication year and the beginning page number is enough to locate a particular citation.
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IN Institution [Word Indexed]
department of veterans affairs.in.
  The Institution (IN) field lists the affiliation(s) or the author(s) as noted in the document at the time of publication. The mailing address is often given, as are grant numbers and the names of institutions financially supporting the research.
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IP Issue/Part [Word Indexed]
"9".ip.
  The Issue/Part (IP) field includes the issue and supplement number in which the document was published. This field displays as part of the Source (SO) field.
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IS ISSN [Phrase Indexed]
1056 8751.is.
  The ISSN (IS) field contains the International Standard Serial Number for the journal in which the document was published.
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JN Journal Name [Phrase Indexed]
acp journal club.jn.
 

The Journal Name (JN) field contains the full name of the journal in which the article (i.e., review, editorial, or letter) was published. This database contains only two journals--ACP Journal Club and BMJ's Evidence-Based Medicine.

Stopwords such as "of" are included in the JN index, but when "the" is the first word of a journal, it has been stripped. The word "and", which is a Boolean operator and a stopword in most fields, can be searched in the Journal Name field using the ampersand ("&").

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JW Journal Words [Word Indexed]
medicine.jw.
 

The Journal Word (JW) field contains individual words from every journal name in the database. This database contains only two journals--ACP Journal Club and BMJ's Evidence-Based Medicine. This field is used to retrieve every occurrence of a journal which includes a particular word such as "dermatology."

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KW Keywords [Word Indexed]
metabolism.kw.
lymphocytes.kw.
  The Keywords (KW) field contains author assigned terms that describe the document. This field exists only for documents where the author has assigned keywords.
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LG Language [Phrase Indexed]
english.lg.
  The Language (LG) field contains the language or languages in which the main body of the document is written.
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PD Publication Date [Phrase Indexed]
19960801.pd.
  The Publication Date (PD) field contains an 8-digit number representing the year, month, and day (in YYYYMMDD format) in which documents were published in the original print journals. Enter the desired date in the format "YYYYMMDD" where "YYYY" corresponds to the 4-digit year, "MM" to the 2-digit month, and "DD" to the day. Use truncation "199711$.up." or "1997$.up." to retrieve all the records published in a particular month or year.
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PG Pages [Phrase Indexed]
"9".pg.
"103".pg.
  The Pages (PG) field contains the starting page number in the printed journal in which the document was published. The field displays as part of the Source (SO) field. Often, a search using the publication year and the beginning page number is enough to locate a particular citation.
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PO Reviewed Article Issue/Part [Word Indexed]
"9".po.
  The Reviewed Article Issue/Part (PO) field includes the issue and supplement number in which the reviewed article was published. This field displays as part of the Reviewed Source (SR) field.
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PT Publication Type [Phrase Indexed]
therapeutics.pt.
editorial.pt.
  The Publication Type (PT) field describes a document's overall form and substance in broad categories. These publication types include therapeutics, editorial, diagnosis, prognosis, economics, quality improvement, and letter. Enter the first few letters of the desired publication type, or root on the letter "a" to view and select from the complete list of publication types.
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RF References [Word Indexed]
obstet gynecol.rf.
barnett go.rf.
  The Reference (RF) field includes complete bibliographic citations for the publications cited by authors in full text documents. These references can be viewed along with the citation or with full text. Enter the desired reference information, consisting of words typically found in reference. Consider searching on words in document title, journal name or abbreviation, author name, page number, or year.
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RW Reviewed Article Journal Word [Word Indexed]
neurology.rw.
  The Reviewed Article Journal Word (RW) field contains individual words from every journal in which a reviewed article was published.
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SJ Reviewed Article Journal Name [Phrase Indexed]
jama.sj.
am j med.sj.
  The Reviewed Article Journal Name (SJ) field contains the full name of the journal in which the Reviewed Article was published.
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SO Source
evidence based medicine.so.
"1992".so.
  The Source (SO) field includes the basic information needed to locate a source document, including the Journal Name (JN), Volume (VO), Issue/Part (IP), Pages (PG), Date of Publication (DP) and Year of Publication (YR) .
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SR Reviewed Source
arch gen psychiatry.sr.
meyer tj.ay.
  The Reviewed Source (SR) field includes the complete bibliographic citation(s) for the publication(s) being reviewed. These references can be viewed with the citation or with the full text. Enter the desired reference information, consisting of words typically found in a reference. Consider searching on words in the document title, journal name or abbreviation, author name, page number, or year. If you know the specific information you are seeking (for example, a document title), you may also choose to search in the Reviewed Article Title (TO), Reviewed Article Journal (SJ), Reviewed Article Author (AY), Reviewed Article Page Number (GO), or Reviewed Article Year (YO). When available, reviewed source references in the full text document contain links to bibliographic and full text records.
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TI Title [Word Indexed]
rheumatoid arthritis.ti.
 

The Title (TI) field contains the English language version of the title as it appears in the journal.

Stopwords such as "of" or "the" display in documents but do not appear in the title index. However, the word "a", which is a stopword in other fields, can be searched in the title field.

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TJ Contents by Journal Name  [Phrase Indexed]
evidence based medicine.tj.
  The Contents by Journal Name (TJ) displays each issue of a certain journal in the database. This field differs from the Journal Name (JN) field in that the Contents by Journal Name field brings up entire issues of a journal, while the Journal Name field retrieves the individual articles from those issues.
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TO Reviewed Article Title [Word Indexed]
geriatric.to.
 

The Reviewed Article Title (TO) field contains the title of the source being reviewed.

Stopwords such as "of" or "the" will display in documents but do not appear in the title index. However, the word "a", which is a stopword in other fields, can be searched in the title field.

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TV Contents by Volume [Phrase Indexed]
vol 2.tv.
  The Contents by Volume (TV) field contains each journal issue available in the database.
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TW Text Word [Alias Indexed]
004.tx.
  The Text Word (TW) field is ideal for broad retrieval of author's specialized terminology. Searches in this field are conducted simultaneously in the Title (TI), Abstract (AB), Caption Text (CT), and Full Text (TX) fields.
If you believe that your search phrase has been used very frequently in the literature (e.g. "blood pressure,") you may wish to focus the results more closely by using the Title (TI), Abstract (AB), Full Text (TX) and Caption Text (CT) fields, or by using one of the Limits to restrict the results of your search.
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TX Full Text [Word Indexed]
panadol.tx.
 

The Full Text (TX) field contains the complete document text. This field allows you to retrieve all documents with even the most passing mention of your search term. Since this field contains such a large quantity of diverse information, most searches for a specific subject retrieve more relevant results if conducted in the Title (TI) or Abstract (AB) fields.

Stopwords , which include commonly occurring words such as "of" and "the" display in the documents but do not appear in the Full Text index.

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UP Update Code [Phrase Indexed]
19971128.up.
  The Update Code (UP) field contains a 8-digit number representing the year, month and day in (YYYYMMDD format) in which documents were published in this database. Enter the desired date in the format "YYYYMMDD" where "YYYY" corresponds to the four digit year, "MM" to the two digit month and "DD" to the day. Use truncation "199711$.up." or "1997$.up." to retrieve all the records added in a particular month or year.
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VO Volume [Phrase Indexed]
"124".vo.
  The Volume (VO) field contains the volume of the printed journal in which the document was published. This field displays as part of the Source (SO) field.
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YR Year of Publication [Word Indexed]
"1997".yr.
  The Year of Publication (YR) field contains the year in which the printed journal containing the document was published. This field displays as part of the Source (SO) field.
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Advanced Searching
You can use special search syntax listed below to combine search terms or strategically develop a search. Full documentation is provided in the Advanced Searching Techniques section of the Online Help.
Operator Syntax Search Example Sample Results
OR x or y vitamin c or ascorbic acid "Review: Vitamin E, vitamin C, and possibly coenzyme Q10 are ineffective for preventing or treating cardiovascular disease"

 

The OR operator retrieves records that contain any or all of the search terms. For example, the search heart attack or myocardial infarction retrieves results that contain the terms heart attack, myocardial infarction or both terms; results are all inclusive. You can use the OR operator in both unqualified searches and searches applied to a specific field.
AND x and y vitamin c and ascorbic acid "is it appropriate to consider vitamin C (ascorbic acid), members of the vitamin A family (retinol, [beta]-carotene, and others), and the several forms of vitamin E (e.g., [alpha]-, [gamma]-, [delta]-tocopherol), as well as the trace metal selenium, all just 'antioxidants'?"

 

The AND operator retrieves only those records that include all of the search terms. For example, the search blood pressure and stroke retrieves results that contain the term blood pressure and the term stroke together in the same record; results are exclusive of records that do not contain both of these terms. You can use the AND operator in both unqualified searches and searches applied to a specific field.
NOT x not y antioxidant not ascorbic acid "Studies were selected if they were RCTs that compared antioxidant vitamins (vitamin E or [beta]-carotene) with a control treatment for primary and secondary prevention of all-cause mortality and CDV events"

 

The NOT operator retrieves records that contain the first search term and excludes the second search term. For example, the search health reform not health maintenance organizations retrieves only those records that contain the term health reform but excludes the term health maintenance organizations. In this way, you can use the NOT operator to restrict results to a specific topic.
You can use the NOT operator in both unqualified searches and searches applied to a specific field.
Adjacency (ADJ) x y antioxidant vitamins "In persons at risk, is prophylactic use of antioxidant vitamins (vitamin E and [beta]-carotene) effective for primary and secondary prevention of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular (CDV) events?"

 

The Adjacent operator (ADJ) retrieves records with search terms next to each other in that specific order. You do not need to separate search terms manually by inserting ADJ between them, because when you separate terms with a space on the command line, Ovid automatically searches for the terms adjacent to one another. For example, the search blood pressure is identical to the search blood adj pressure.
Defined Adjacency (ADJn) x ADJn y intravascular adj4 infection "Intravascular catheter-related infections can be prevented by using simple procedures"

 

The defined adjacency operator (ADJn) retrieves records that contain search terms within a specified number (n-1) of words from each other in any order (stop-words included). To use the adjacency operator, separate your search terms with ADJ and a number from 1 to 99 as explained below:

           ADJ1     Next to each other, in any order
           ADJ2     Next to each other, in any order, up to 1 word in between
           ADJ3     Next to each other, in any order, up to 2 words in between
           ADJ99   Next to each other, in any order, up to 98 words in between

For example, the search physician adj5 relationship retrieves records that contain the words physician and relationship with a maximum of four words in between in either direction. This particular search retrieves records containing such phrases as physician patient relationship, patient physician relationship, or relationship between cancer patient and physician.
Please note Ovid’s order of operation handles terms within parentheses first. Therefore it is recommended to apply the ADJn operator in one-on-one operations to avoid missing out on results. E.g. stroke adj4 (blood pressure or high blood pressure) could potentially miss out on some combinations of stroke with high blood pressure. The optimum way to execute this on Ovid is: (stroke adj4 blood pressure) OR (stroke adj4 high blood pressure).
Frequency (FREQ) x.ab./FREQ=n blood.ab. /freq=5 "Paired quantitative blood cultures most accurately detect intravascular device-related bloodstream infection"

 

The frequency operator (FREQ) lets you specify a threshold of occurrence of a term in the records retrieved from your search. Records containing your search term are retrieved only if the term occurs at least the specified (n) number of times. In general, records that contain many instances of your search term are more relevant than records that contain fewer instances. The frequency operator is particularly useful when searching a text field, such as Abstract or Full Text, for a common word or phrase.
Unlimited Truncation ($) x$ rat$ "international normalized ratio > 1.3 or platelets < 80 x 10(superscript 9)/L"

 

Unlimited truncation retrieves all possible suffix variations of the root word indicated. To apply unlimited truncation to a term, type the root word or phrase followed by either of the truncation characters: $ (dollar sign) or * (asterisk). For example, in the truncated search rat*, Ovid retrieves the word rat as well as the words rats, and more.
Limited Truncation ($) x$n dog$1 "Service dogs improved the lives of persons with ambulatory disabilities"

 

Limited truncation specifies a maximum number of characters that may follow the root word or phrase. For example, the truncated search dog$1 retrieves results with the words dog and dogs; but it does not retrieve results with the word dogma.
Mandated Wildcard (#) xx#y wom#n "An intermediate body mass index (23 to 30 kg/m(superscript 2)) was associated with the most favorable mortality in older women"

 

Searching with a mandated wildcard retrieves all possible variations of a word in which the wildcard is present in the specified place. You can use it at the end of a term to limit results to only those that contain the word plus the mandated character. For example, the search dog# retrieves results that contain the word dogs, but not those that contain the word dog, effectively limiting results to only those that contain the plural form of the word. The mandated wild card character (#) is also useful for retrieving specialized plural forms of a word. For example, the search wom#n retrieves results that contain both woman and women. You can use multiple wild cards in a single query word.
Optional Wildcard (?) xx?y colo?r "The range of gestational ages from 37 to 41 weeks, variation in skin color of the patients"

 

The optional wild card character (?) can be used within or at the end of a search term to substitute for one or no characters. This wild card is useful for retrieving documents with British and American word variants since it specifies that you want retrieval whether or not the extra character is present. For example, the optional wild card search colo?r retrieves results that contain the words color or colour. You can use multiple wild cards in a single query word.
Literal String ("") "x / y" "May/June" "ACP Journal Club. v146(3):81, May/June, 2007."
"n" "3".vo "ACP Journal Club. v145(3):p.76, November/December, 2006."

 

Quotation marks can be used to retrieve records that contain literal strings, when the string includes special characters, such as a forward slash (/).

Quotation marks can also be used to retrieve records that contain numbers that may otherwise be confused for earlier searches. In the example, a search for 3.vo would limit the string from your third search in your search history to the volume field. By including the number in quotation marks, the search will retrieve documents with a 3 in the volume number.

Romper Searching “use coch,acp,dare,cca,cctr,clcmr,clhta,cleed"

 

The Romper searching can be done only on single segments or a group of single segments.

If you are searching for a multi-file of ebmz you can put in any or all the segments that make up ebmz. For example, command “dog.ti use coch,acp,dare,cca,cctr,clcmr,clhta,cleed" to include any or all segments of ebmz.

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Stopwords
The Ovid search engine applies so called "run-time stopword processing". This means the search engine on the fly ignores the stopwords: and, as, by, for, from, in, is, of, on, that, the, this, to, was, were & with.

Therefore a search: at risk for diabetes.ti will also find: at risk of diabetes. The distance of one word in between is kept, but the stopword "for" is ignored.

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Limits
The following limits are available for this database. See Database Limits in the OvidSP Online Help for details on applying limits.

Limit

Syntax
Articles with
Commentary
Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to commentary
Command Syntax: ..l/1 cm=y
  This limit restricts your retrieval to documents that have commentaries. This is useful for weeding out editorials and letters.
Clinical Prediction
Guide
Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to Clinical Prediction Guide
  A limit to Clinical Prediction Guide restricts retrieval to articles which help clinicians predict probable future events, for example, predicting which elderly patients in a nursing home are prone to falls and hip fractures to improve the environment and prevent the falls.

To be included in Best Evidence, a guide must be developed in one set of patients and then tested or validated in another set of patients.

Clinical Prediction Guides may also be found under other publication types such as therapy, diagnosis and prognosis.

Diagnosis Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to Diagnosis
  A limit to Diagnosis restricts retrieval to documents that relate to the diagnosis of a disease or symptom.
EBM Trends Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to EBM Trends
  A limit to EBM Trends restricts retrieval to articles dealing mainly with the practice of Evidence-Based Medicine. This limit restricts your retrieval to documents which have the document type of Editorial or EBM Notebook.
Economics Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to Economics
  A limit to Economics restricts retrieval to the economics of a therapy, treatment or procedure.
Editorial Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to Editorial
  A limit to Editorial restricts retrieval to documents which are editorials. Editorials present professional opinions, often with references, regarding current topics and issues.
Etiology Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to
  A limit to Etiology restricts retrieval to documents focusing on causal factors relating to a disease.
Letters Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to Letters
  A limit to Letter restricts retrieval to Letters to the Editor published in ACP Journal Club or Evidence-Based Medicine.
Prognosis Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to Prognosis
  A limit to Prognosis restricts retrieval to documents that focus on issues relating to the prognosis of a disease.
Quality 
Improvement
Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to Quality 
Improvement
  A limit to Quality Improvement restricts retrieval to articles which focus on issues relating to Quality Improvement.
Therapeutics Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to Therapeutics
  A limit to Therapeutics restricts retrieval to documents that have been determined to focus on issues of prevention and treatment, as well as quality improvement and economics.
Publication Year Sentence Syntax: limit 1 to yr=1996
limit 1 to yr=1996-1997
limit 1 to yr=96-97
Command Syntax: ..l/1 yr=1996
..l/1 yr="97"
  You can restrict retrieval to any of the years available. In the dialog box which follows, enter the desired year(s). Use a hyphen to separate years in a range.

 

Tools

Currently no tools are available for this database.

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Changing to this Database
To change a search session to a segment of this database from another database or another segment, use the following syntax in the Ovid Syntax tab:
  Command Syntax: ..c/acp
  Sentence Syntax: use acp

Click on this link to see other Advanced Search Techniques

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Sample Documents
Sample 1
Accession Number
  00021607-200707000-00022
Title
  Review: Anticoagulants increase intracerebral bleeding and do not 
  reduce death or disability in acute cardioembolic stroke.
Source
  ACP Journal Club. v147(1):p.17, July/August, 2007.
Reviewed Source
  Paciaroni M, Agnelli G, Micheli S, Caso V. Efficacy and safety of
  anticoagulant treatment in acute cardioembolic stroke: a meta-analysis
  of randomized controlled trials. Stroke. 2007;38:423-30.
Commentary Author
  S. Claiborne Johnston, MD, PhD
Commentary Author's Institution
  University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, California, USA
Keywords
  Anticoagulants;
  Cerebrovascular accident
Abstract
  Question:
  In patients with acute cardioembolic stroke, are anticoagulants effective
  and safe as initial treatment?
  Methods:
  Data sources
  MEDLINE and EMBASE/Excerpta Medica (1980 to February 2006), the Cochrane
  Library (2006, issue 1), bibliographies of relevant studies, and abstracts
  of major international meetings.
  Study selection and assessment
  Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared anticoagulants
  (unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin, or heparinoids)
  with other treatments or placebo in patients (randomized within 48 h of
  stroke onset) who received an objective diagnosis of stroke of presumed
  cardioembolic origin and were assessed using objective methods. 7 RCTs
  (n = 4624) were included. 3797 patients had atrial fibrillation, and 827
  had other mixed cardioembolic sources. The anticoagulants were intravenous
  dalteparin (1 RCT), intravenous heparin (2 RCTs), subcutaneous heparin (1
  RCT), intravenous danaparoid (1 RCT), subcutaneous nadroparin (1 RCT), and
  tinzaparin (1 RCT). Studies were assessed for allocation methods, allocation
  concealment, blinding, and completeness of follow-up.
  Outcomes
  A composite outcome of death or disability at >= 3 months, all strokes or
  early recurrent stroke within 14 d, and symptomatic intracranial bleeding.
  Main results:
  Anticoagulants did not differ significantly from placebo or aspirin for
  death or disability, all strokes, or recurrent stroke, but they increased
  the risk for symptomatic intracranial bleeding .
  Conclusions:
  In patients with acute cardioembolic stroke, anticoagulants do not differ
  significantly from placebo or aspirin for the composite outcome of death or
  disability or for stroke, including recurrent early stroke. However, they 
  increase the risk for intracranial bleeding.
Commentary
  Ischemic stroke was commonly treated with short-term anticoagulation 10
  years ago, most frequently with heparin. A series of randomized trials,
  many included in this meta-analysis by Paciaroni and colleagues, showed
  that there was no benefit to anticoagulation when given within hours of
  an ischemic stroke and that it increased the risk for major hemorrhagic 
  complications. However, cardioembolic strokes were not well-represented
  in most of these trials.
  The benefit of long-term anticoagulation with warfarin in patients with
  cardioembolic stroke is well-established. Some experts have argued that
  short-term anticoagulation in patients with recent cardioembolic stroke
  should reduce the risk for early recurrence and that this benefit is
  likely to outweigh the risk for hemorrhagic complications. This meta-analysis
  argues that they are wrong, and in doing so, it eliminates one of the last
  widely accepted indications for full-dose heparin after ischemic stroke.
  This meta-analysis extracted data from subgroups in larger trials (including
  data not previously reported) and thus adds to the literature rather than 
  just summarizing it. With the data clearly presented, the conclusions are
  obvious: Any benefit from short-term anticoagulation in reducing risk for
  recurrent ischemic stroke is outweighed by the risk for hemorrhagic stroke,
  with no net benefit in mortality and disability.
  Prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis remains an uncertain indication for
  heparins in nonambulatory patients with stroke and is currently being
  studied in randomized trials. The lower doses required for prophylaxis are
  more effective than compression devices, but this benefit may be balanced by
  a greater risk for brain hemorrhage . Patients with cardioembolic transient
  ischemic attack may also benefit from short-term anticoagulation since the
  risk for recurrence is particularly high in these patients, and the risk for
  brain hemorrhage should be substantially lower in the absence of major brain
  infarction. However, this indication needs to be evaluated in trials.
  Short-term aspirin does improve outcomes after ischemic stroke and should be
  given to all patients.
References
  1. Dennis MS. Effective prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis after stroke:
  low-dose anticoagulation rather than stockings alone: against. Stroke.
  2004;35:2912-3.
  2. Johnston SC. Clinical practice. Transient ischemic attack.
  N Engl J Med. 2002;347:1687-92.
Publication Type
  Therapeutics.
Document Type
  Therapeutics. 
Sample 2
Accession Number
  00021607-200701000-00001
Author
  Straus, Sharon MD, MSc; Haynes, Brian MD, PhD; Glasziou, Paul MBBS, PhD;
  Dickersin, Kay PhD; Guyatt, Gordon MD, MSc
Institution
  University of Calgary; Calgary, Alberta, Canada (Straus)
  McMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (Haynes)
  University of Oxford; Oxford, England, UK (Glasziou)
  Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, Maryland, USA (Dickersin)
  McMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (Guyatt)
Title
  Misunderstandings, misperceptions, and mistakes.
Source
  ACP Journal Club. v146(1):p.A8A9, January/February, 2007.
Commentary Author
  Sharon Straus, MD, MSc, Brian Haynes, MD, PhD, Paul Glasziou, MBBS, PhD,
  Kay Dickersin, PhD, Gordon Guyatt, MD, MSc
Commentary Author's Institution
  University of Calgary; Calgary, Alberta, Canada,
  McMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario, Canada,
  University of Oxford; Oxford, England, UK,
  Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, Maryland, USA,
  McMaster University; Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Keywords
  Evidence-based medicine
References
  1. Evidence-based medicine. A new approach to teaching the practice
  of medicine. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA. 1992;268:2420-5.
  2. Straus SE, McAlister FA. Evidence-based medicine: a commentary on
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  3. Healy B. Who says what's best? US News World Rep. 2006 Sep 3.
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  7. Cobb LA, Thomas GI, Dillard DH, Merendino KA, Bruce RA. An evaluation 
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  11. Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen 
  plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results From the 
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  medical negligence? BMJ. 2004;329:1024-8.
Publication Type
  EBM Trends.
Document Type
  Editorial.
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