| The following list is sorted alphabetically by field alias. Click a field name
to see the description and search information. |
| All Fields in this Database |
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Abstract (AB) |
Identifiers (ID) |
Project and/or Task Numbers (PN) |
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Accession Number (AN) |
Institution (IN) |
Publication Year (YR) |
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Action Code (AC) |
Journal Announcement (JN) |
Report Date (RD) |
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Author (AU) |
Major Subject Descriptors (MJ) |
Report Number (RN) |
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Availability (AV) |
Media Type Code (MD) |
Sponsoring Agency (SA) |
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Contract, Grant and/or Order Numbers (CN) |
Minor Subject Descriptors (MN) |
Title (TI) |
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Descriptors (DE) |
Notes (NT) |
Update Code (UP) |
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Heading Word (HW) |
Subject Category Codes (CC) |
|
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| Default Fields for Unqualified Searches (MP): Searching for a term without specifying a field in Advanced search, defaults to the following “multi-purpose” (.mp.) fields for this database: ti,ab,mj,mn,id. |
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Abstract (AB) |
Major Subject Descriptors (MJ) |
Title (TI) |
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Identifier (ID) |
Minor Subject Descriptors (MN) |
|
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Default Fields for Display, Print, Email, and Save: The following fields are included by default for each record. |
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Abstract (AB) |
Institution (IN) |
Project and/or Task Numbers (PN) |
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Accession Number (AN) |
Journal Announcement (JN) |
Publication Year (YR) |
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Action Code (AC) |
Notes (NT) |
Report Number (RN) |
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Author (AU) |
Major Subject Descriptors (MJ) |
Sponsoring Agency (SA) |
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Availability (AV) |
Media Type Code (MD) |
Title (TI) |
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Contract, Grant and/or Order Numbers (CN) |
Minor Subject Descriptors (MN) |
Update Code (UP) |
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Identifiers (ID) |
Subject Category Codes (CC) |
|
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All Fields for Display, Print, Email, and Save: Use the Select Fields button in the Results Manager at the bottom of the Main Search Page to choose the fields for a record. |
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Abstract (AB) |
Institution (IN) |
Project and/or Task Numbers (PN) |
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Accession Number (AN) |
Journal Announcement (JN) |
Publication Year (YR) |
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Action Code (AC) |
Notes (NT) |
Report Date (RD) |
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Author (AU) |
Major Subject Descriptors (MJ) |
Report Number (RN) |
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Availability (AV) |
Media Type Code (MD) |
Sponsoring Agency (SA) |
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Contract, Grant and/or Order Numbers (CN) |
Minor Subject Descriptors (MN) |
Title (TI) |
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Identifiers (ID) |
Subject Category Codes (CC) |
Update Code (UP) |
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| The following list is sorted alphabetically by the two-letter label, and includes
the relevant alias, at least one example for all searchable fields, and a description
of the field. |
| Label |
Name / Example |
| AB |
Abstract [Word Indexed]
supersonic combustion.ab. |
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The Abstract (AB) field may be either indicative or informative, based on the type of document. Informative abstracts identify methods, results, applications, and conclusions. Indicative abstracts describe content or scope, such as a handbook of chemical formulas, chapter titles, or table of contents of a textbook. |
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| AC |
Action Code [Phrase Indexed]
wtci software distribution.ac. |
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The Action Code (AC) field contains two Action codes for NTIS. |
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| AN |
Accession Number [Phrase Indexed]
PB2014-107549.an. |
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The Accession Number (AN) field contains a unique NTIS accession number. All NTIS accession numbers have alphabetic prefixes. The alphabetic prefix is followed by a five- to eight-digit number and three alphabetic characters. |
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| AU |
Author [Phrase Indexed]
bhat c.au.
bhat $.au. |
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The Author (AU) field lists the names of the author(s) of the document. Names are recorded in the same order as they appear in the document, with first and middle initials. All titles, degrees, and suffixes are omitted. |
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| AV |
Availability [Word Indexed]
gap.av. |
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The Availability (AV) field contains a statement of availability when there are special ordering instructions, especially when a report is not available from NTIS or when the report is available from NTIS as well as another organization. |
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| CC |
Subject Category Codes [Word Indexed]
89d.cc. and 72b.cc. |
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The NTIS Subject Category Codes (CC) field is comprised of one or more of 39 subject categories, each of which is then subdivided into subcategories.
All subject categories consist of three character codes: two numerics and one alpha character. The numeric codes represent entire categories, while the alpha codes are used to designate subcategories within these broad categories. |
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| CN |
Contract, Grant and/or Order Numbers [Word Indexed]
nasi-18605.cn. |
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The Contract, Grant and/or Order Numbers (CN) field contains the contract or grant number assigned by a federal agency to the research project which resulted in the cited document. |
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| DE |
Descriptors (MJ, MN) [Alias Only]
algorithms.de.
reacting flow.de. |
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The Descriptors field enables you to search in the Major Subject Descriptors (MJ) and Minor Subject Descriptors (MN) fields simultaneously. Both descriptor fields contain controlled vocabulary terms or subject headings, used to group documents on similar topics. Major Subject Descriptors describe primary topics. Minor Subject Descriptors describe secondary topics. |
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| HW |
Heading Word [Word Indexed]
fabrications.hw. |
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The Heading Word (HW) field allows you to retrieve individual words within the Major and Minor Subject Descriptors (MJ and MN) fields. |
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| ID |
Identifiers [Phrase Indexed]
ntisnasa.id. |
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The Identifiers (ID) field contains single or multiword subject terms used to express concepts for which there are currently no adequate descriptors. As new concepts and technologies arise, new subject terms not found in existing thesauri are placed in the Identifier field. |
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| IN |
Institution [Word Indexed]
057046000.in. |
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The Institution and Institution Code (IN) field contains the name and nine-digit organization code number of the organization(s) and/or author affiliation(s) that performed the research and prepared the report(s). |
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| JN |
Journal Announcement [Word Indexed]
201320.jn. |
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The Journal Announcement (JN) field is used to identify the NTIS Announcement Journal volume and issue in GRA&I, and any source agency announcement journal volume and issue in which the citation first appeared.
The format of the Journal Announcement field is "JVVII" where J = a letter designating the journal, VV = a two-digit volume number, and II = a two-digit issue number. (Example: 196517.jn) |
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| MD |
Media Type Code [Phrase Indexed]
multimedia.md. |
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The Media Type Code (MD) field contains two Media codes for NTIS. |
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| MJ |
Major Subject Descriptors [Phrase Indexed]
problem solving.mj. |
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The Major Subject Descriptors (MJ) field contains controlled vocabulary terms or subject headings, used to group documents on similar topics. Major Descriptors describe primary topics.
Use the Descriptors (DE) field to search in the Major Subject Descriptors and Minor Subject Descriptors (MN) fields simultaneously. |
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| MN |
Minor Subject Descriptors [Phrase Indexed]
energy resolution.mn. |
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The Minor Subject Descriptors (MN) field contains controlled vocabulary terms or subject headings, used to group documents on similar topics. Minor Descriptors describe secondary topics.
Use the Descriptors (DE) field to search in the Major Subject Descriptors (MJ) and Minor Subject Descriptors fields simultaneously. |
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| NT |
Notes [Word Indexed]
quickcompass.nt. |
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The Notes (NT) field contains: the source of a translation, language of a report (if other than English), source of a periodical citation, supplemental performing or sponsoring organizations, additional contracts or grants, and conferences. |
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| PN |
Project and/or Task Numbers [Phrase Indexed]
Y99QAXS.pn. |
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The Project and/or Task Numbers (PN) field contains the project and task number for the document. This field will only have data previous to 1984. |
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| RD |
Report Date [Word Indexed]
1900.rd. |
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The Report Date (RD) contains the date the document was issued. It is expressed as a four digit year, 3-character month abbreviation and four digit year, or as a day, 3-character month abbreviation and four digit year. It is sometimes preceded by words such as "Filed", "patented" or "c" (the 'c' indicates that the record is copyrighted). |
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| RN |
Report Number [Word Indexed]
B2205.rn. |
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The Report Number (RN) field contains the number the sponsoring agency assigned to the title. |
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| SA |
Sponsoring Agency [Word Indexed]
nasa-cr-194662.sa.
nasa.sa. |
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The Sponsoring Agency (SA) field provides the report number(s) assigned by the sponsoring organization(s). |
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| TI |
Title [Word Indexed]
problem.ti. |
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The Title (TI) field contains the name of the document that appears on the title page or document cover. |
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| UP |
Update Code [Phrase Indexed]
201420.up. |
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The Update Code (UP) is in the format YYYYII, where YYYY is the 4 digit year and II is the issue number of the update. |
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| YR |
Publication Year [Phrase Indexed]
"2014".yr. |
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The Year of Publication (YR) field contains the year(s) in which the document was published. The year may be searched using four digits, e.g., "2004". |
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| You can use special search syntax to combine search terms or strategically develop a search. |
| Operator |
Syntax |
Search Example |
|
| OR |
x or y |
vitamin c or ascorbic acid |
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The OR operator retrieves records that contain any or all of the search terms. For example, the search heart attack or myocardial infarction retrieves results that contain the terms heart attack, myocardial infarction or both terms; results are all inclusive. You can use the OR operator in both unqualified searches and searches applied to a specific field. |
| AND |
x and y |
minerals and supplements |
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The AND operator retrieves only those records that include all of the search terms. For example, the search blood pressure and stroke retrieves results that contain the term blood pressure and the term stroke together in the same record; results are exclusive of records that do not contain both of these terms.
You can use the AND operator in both unqualified searches and searches applied to a specific field. |
| NOT |
x not y |
vitamin c not ascorbic acid |
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The NOT operator retrieves records that contain the first search term and excludes the second search term. For example, the search health reform not health maintenance organizations retrieves only those records that contain the term health reform but excludes the term health maintenance organizations. In this way, you can use the NOT operator to restrict results to a specific topic.
You can use the NOT operator in both unqualified searches and searches applied to a specific field. |
| Adjacency (ADJ) |
x y |
therapy dog |
|
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The Adjacent operator (ADJ) retrieves records with search terms next to each other in that specific order. You do not need to separate search terms manually by inserting ADJ between them, because when you separate terms with a space on the command line, Ovid automatically searches for the terms adjacent to one another. For example, the search blood pressure is identical to the search blood adj pressure. |
| Defined Adjacency (ADJn) |
x ADJn y |
therapy adj3 animal |
|
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The defined adjacency operator (ADJn) retrieves records that contain search terms within a specified number (n-1) of words from each other in any order (stop-words included). To use the adjacency operator, separate your search terms with ADJ and a number from 1 to 99 as explained below:
ADJ1 Next to each other, in any order
ADJ2 Next to each other, in any order, up to 1 word in between
ADJ3 Next to each other, in any order, up to 2 words in between
ADJ99 Next to each other, in any order, up to 98 words in between
For example, the search physician adj5 relationship retrieves records that contain the words physician and relationship with a maximum of four words in between in either direction. This particular search retrieves records containing such phrases as physician patient relationship, patient physician relationship, or relationship between cancer patient and physician.
Please note Ovid’s order of operation handles terms within parentheses first. Therefore it is recommended to apply the ADJn operator in one-on-one operations to avoid missing out on results. E.g. stroke adj4 (blood pressure or high blood pressure) could potentially miss out on some combinations of stroke with high blood pressure. The optimum way to execute this on Ovid is: (stroke adj4 blood pressure) OR (stroke adj4 high blood pressure). |
| Frequency (FREQ) |
x.ab./FREQ=n |
blood.ab. /freq=4 |
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The frequency operator (FREQ) lets you specify a threshold of occurrence of a term in the records retrieved from your search. Records containing your search term are retrieved only if the term occurs at least the specified (n) number of times. In general, records that contain many instances of your search term are more relevant than records that contain fewer instances. The frequency operator is particularly useful when searching a text field, such as Abstract or Full Text, for a common word or phrase. |
| Unlimited Truncation ($) |
x$ |
rat$ |
|
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Unlimited truncation retrieves all possible suffix variations of the root word indicated. To apply unlimited truncation to a term, type the root word or phrase followed by either of the truncation characters: $ (dollar sign) or : (colon). For example, in the truncated search disease$, Ovid retrieves the word disease as well as the words diseases, diseased, and more. |
| Limited Truncation ($) |
x$n |
dog$1 |
|
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Limited truncation specifies a maximum number of characters that may follow the root word or phrase. For example, the truncated search dog$1 retrieves results with the words dog and dogs; but it does not retrieve results with the word dogma. |
| Mandated Wildcard (#) |
xx#y |
wom#n |
|
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Searching with a mandated wildcard retrieves all possible variations of a word in which the wildcard is present in the specified place. You can use it at the end of a term to limit results to only those that contain the word plus the mandated character. For example, the search dog# retrieves results that contain the word dogs, but not those that contain the word dog, effectively limiting results to only those that contain the plural form of the word. The mandated wild card character (#) is also useful for retrieving specialized plural forms of a word. For example, the search wom#n retrieves results that contain both woman and women. You can use multiple wild cards in a single query word. |
| Optional Wildcard (?) |
xx?y |
colo?r |
|
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The optional wild card character (?) can be used within or at the end of a search term to substitute for one or no characters. This wild card is useful for retrieving documents with British and American word variants since it specifies that you want retrieval whether or not the extra character is present. For example, the optional wild card search colo?r retrieves results that contain the words color or colour. You can use multiple wild cards in a single query word. |
| Literal String ("") |
"x / y" |
"Heat / Cold Application" |
|
| "n" |
"3".vo |
|
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Quotation marks can be used to retrieve records that contain literal strings,
when the string includes special characters, such as a forward slash (/).
Quotation marks can also be used to retrieve records that contain numbers
that may otherwise be confused for earlier searches. In the example, a
search for 3.vo would limit the string from your third search in your search
history to the volume field. By including the number in quotation marks,
the search will retrieve documents with a 3 in the volume number. |
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| Sample 1 |
Accession Number
ADA600289
Author
Summerfield,J
Institution
Dow Chemical Co., Midland, MI., 003469000
Title
Demonstration of New, Highly Perchlorate-Selective Ion Exchange Resin Coupled with Resin-
Optimized, Single-Vessel Engineering Design.
Year of Publication
2013
Report Date
Mar 2013
Abstract
Ammonium perchlorate is used in the formulation for solid rocket fuel to propel military
projectiles. This formulation has been demonstrated to be highly effective, stable under ambient
conditions, and low in toxicity compared to previous liquid formulations. For these reasons,
ammonium perchlorate is a very important material to our military and national security. Through
handling and maintenance practices believed to be satisfactory based on the low toxicity profile of
ammonium perchlorate, this material was introduced to the environment. Because of ammonium
perchlorate s solubility in water and stability, it has persisted in the environment and has
migrated to aquifers in populated areas and hence entered some potable water sources. Health
studies have found that perchlorate can mimic iodine in the human thyroid and potentially disrupt
thyroid function.a For this reason, many states and the United States Environmental Protection
Agency (USEPA) are considering creating regulations on the amount of perchlorate allowed in
drinking water. Through litigation, much of the financial burden of removing perchlorate from the
environment has fallen to the Department of Defense (DoD). As this trend is likely to continue, it
is important that the most cost effective method of removing perchlorate from drinking water be
determined and employed. This project will demonstrate the most cost effective method of
employing ion exchange to remove low levels of perchlorate from drinking water. A highly-
perchlorate-selective ion exchange resin will be used in a novel vessel, designed to fully utilize the
resins capacity while minimizing operational problems encountered with current lead-lag, dual
vessel systems. While this project will employ resin on a once-use basis, the vessel design can be
successfully used for external regeneration operating models. It is not suitable for in-situ resin
regeneration.
Journal Announcement
201420
Project and/or Task Numbers
Proj.:ER-200542
Subject Category Codes
99F - Physical & Theoretical Chemistry
71M - Miscellaneous Materials
68D - Water Pollution & Control
Action Code
Color Document, Form Requested not avail.
Media Type Code
Paper Copy, Fiche
Major Subject Descriptors
Ion exchange resins
Performance(Engineering)
Tanks(Containers)
Water treatment
Minor Subject Descriptors
Ammonium perchlorate
Cost analysis
Test and evaluation
Water flow
Identifiers
Vessel design
Operating practices
Notes
Final rept.; 70 PAGES
Update Code
201420 |
| Sample 2 |
Accession Number
PB2014-107549
Institution
Congressional Budget Office, Washington, DC., 057046000
Title
Renewable Fuel Standard: Issues for 2014 and Beyond.
Year of Publication
2014
Report Date
Jun 2014
Abstract
One of the main goals of the Renewable Fuel Standard is to reduce U.S. emissions of greenhouse
gases, which contribute to climate change. In this analysis, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
evaluates how much the supply of various types of renewable fuels would have to increase over the
next several years to comply with the RFS. CBO also examines how food prices, fuel prices, and
emissions would vary in an illustrative year, 2017, under three scenarios for the Renewable Fuel
Standard: The EISA volumes scenario; The 2014 volumes scenario; and The repeal scenario.
Journal Announcement
201420
Report Number
CBO/PUB-4765
Availability
Product reproduced from digital image.
Subject Category Codes
97K - Fuels
97G - Policies, Regulations & Studies
43G - Transportation
Action Code
Fill by Other Method, Form Requested not avail.
Media Type Code
Paper Copy, Fiche
Major Subject Descriptors
Fuels
Renewable energy sources
Biofuels
Minor Subject Descriptors
Climate change
United States
Transportation
Gasoline
Ethanol
Diesel
Emissions
Identifiers
*Renewable Fuel Standard(RFS)
*Greenhouse gases
Notes
38 PAGES
Update Code
201420 |
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