Ovid Database Guide

Maternity & Infant Care Database (MIDIRS) Guide

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Database guide last
updated September 13, 2024

Maternity & Infant Care is an important essential resource for academics and healthcare professionals involved in the care of women and infants. This unique database contains over 300,000 bibliographic references with abstracts to articles from over 400 international English language journals, books, guidelines and grey literature relating to the midwifery profession, pregnancy, labor, birth, postnatal care and care of the infant up to six weeks, infant feeding, and the transition to parenthood.

Database coverage is from the mid-1980s and approximately 1000 records are added to the database per month. The database also includes correspondence and commentary written in response to an article. Many of the records are assigned to one or more of over 900 standard searches on key topics in order to provide fast retrieval, using either a code or a browsable index of topics.

Key topics include:

Antenatal health issues		Infant feeding
Childbirth education		International maternity
Complementary therapies		Labour and birth
Employment issues		Neonatal care and intensive care
Ethical and professional issues		Postnatal health
Health education		Screening
Healthcare professionals role		Social and psychological aspects
Hospital policies		Sudden infant death and infant mortality

The database represents a powerful research tool for users around the world. Journals indexed in the database are international from the USA and Canada, Europe, Australia/New Zealand, UK, Africa and the Middle East. In addition grey literature is covered such as pamphlets, reports, web journals, press releases, newspaper articles and chapters in books. URLs are available for linking to electronic documents in addition to the journal articles full texts linking facilities of the Ovid Technologies platform.

Segments and Years of Coverage
Name		Years of Coverage
MWIC		1971 - present

The limit of databases that you can select for a multifile search session is based upon database segments rather than actual databases. The Ovid multifile segment limit is set at 120 to avoid impacting your search sessions. This database includes 1 segment.

This database is updated online weekly.

Fields
The following list is sorted alphabetically by field alias. Click a field name to see the description and search information.
All Fields in this Database
	Abstract (AB)	Issue Part (IP)	Source Description (SD)
	Accession Number (AN)	Journal Name (JN)	Search Packs (SS)
	All Searchable Fields (AF)	Journal Section (JS)	Search Pack Word (SX)
	Author (AU)	Journal Word (JX)	Subject Heading (DE)
	Commentary (CM)	Pagination (PG)	Subject Heading Word (HW)
	Correspondence (CR)	Publication Location (PA)	Title (TI)
	Date of Publication (DP)	Publication Type (PT)	Update Code (UP)
	Document Type (DT)	Publisher Information (PU)	URL (UR)
	Entry Date (ED)	Restrictions (RS)	Volume (VO)
	ISBN (IB)	Series (SE)	Year of Publication (YR)
	ISSN (IS)	Source (SO)
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Default Fields for Unqualified Searches (MP): Searching for a term without specifying a field in Advanced search, or specifying .mp., defaults to the following 'multi-purpose' (.mp.) fields for this database: ab,hw,ti.
	Abstract (AB)	Subject Heading Word (HW)	Title (TI)
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Default Fields for Display, Print, Email, and Save: The following fields are included by default for each record.
	Abstract (AB)	ISBN (IB)	Series (SE)
	Accession Number (AN)	ISSN (IS)	Source (SO)
	Author (AU)	Issue Part (IP)	Search Packs (SS)
	Commentary (CM)	Journal Section (JS)	Subject Heading (DE)
	Correspondence (CR)	Publication Location (PA)	Title (TI)
	Date of Publication (DP)	Publication Type (PT)	Update Code (UP)
	Document Type (DT)	Publisher Information (PU)	URL (UR)
	Entry Date (ED)	Restrictions (RS)
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All Fields for Display, Print, Email, and Save: Use the Select Fields button in the Results Manager at the bottom of the Main Search Page to choose the fields for a record.
	Abstract (AB)	ISBN (IB)	Restrictions (RS)
	Accession Number (AN)	ISSN (IS)	Series (SE)
	Author (AU)	Issue Part (IP)	Source (SO)
	Commentary (CM)	Journal Name (JN)	Search Packs (SS)
	Correspondence (CR)	Journal Section (JS)	Title (TI)
	Date of Publication (DP)	Pagination (PG)	Update Code (UP)
	Subject Heading (DE)	Publication Location (PA)	URL (UR)
	Document Type (DT)	Publication Type (PT)	Volume (VO)
	Entry Date (ED)	Publisher Information (PU)	Year of Publication (YR)
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Elements of Source (SO) Field: Ovid searches the following fields as part of the record source.
	Issue Part (IP)	Pagination (PG)	Year of Publication (YR)
	Journal Name (JN)	Volume (VO)
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The following list is sorted alphabetically by the two-letter label, and includes the relevant alias, at least one example for all searchable fields, and a description of the field.

Label	Name / Example
AB	Abstract [Word Indexed] glycemic.ab.
	The Abstract (AB) field contains a description of the content of the document or article and is a summary of its contents. You can search for any word in this field.
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AF	All Searchable Fields [Search Alias] infertility.af.
	All Fields (AF) is an alias for all of the fields which occur in the source documents, including value-added fields such as Abstract (AB).
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AN	Accession Number [Phrase Indexed] 200610161.an.
	The Accession Number (AN) field contains a unique number assigned by Midwives Information and Resource Service (MIDIRS). This allows you to identify and retrieve a specific record at any time.
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AU	Author [Phrase Indexed] Attewill f.au. atte$.au.
	The Author (AU) field contains the name(s) identifying the person(s) responsible for or contributing to the creation of the intellectual or artistic content of a work contained in the item or its realization.
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CM	Commentary [Word Indexed] Journal of Perinatology.cm.
	The Commentary (CM) field contains commentary on the article. This can include further references.
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CR	Correspondence [Word Indexed] Obstetric Anesthesia.cr.
	The Correspondence (CR) field contains correspondence written in response to an article. This can include further references.
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DE	Subject Heading [Phrase Indexed] Maternal mortality.de.
	The Subject Heading (DE) field contains subject descriptors from a subject system, e.g. selected from a thesaurus or a list of subject headings, in which case they are in accordance with the practice of the system in which it was produced; otherwise they are in accordance with the practice of the agency preparing the record.
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DP	Date of Publication [Word Indexed] 20061016.dp.
	The Date of Publication (DP) field contains the date published or dates estimated to be the most likely date of publication when no indication of the date appears in the item.
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DT	Document Type [Word Indexed] Statistics Collection.dt.
	The Document Type (DT) field indicates what type of document is cited in the record.
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ED	Entry Date [Word Indexed] 1988.ed.
	The Entry Date (ED) field contains the original date of entry for the document. This can contain the day, month and year that the document was originally created.
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HW	Subject Heading Word [Word Indexed] Clostridium.hw.
	The Subject Heading Word (HW) index contains subject descriptors from a subject system, e.g. selected from a thesaurus or a list of subject headings, in which case they are in accordance with the practice of the system in which it was produced; otherwise they are in accordance with the practice of the agency preparing the record. Results searched in Subject Heading Word are displayed in the Subject Heading (DE) field.
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IB	ISBN [Phrase Indexed] 9780340888797.ib.
	The ISBN (IB) field contains a number which identifies one title or edition of a title from one specific publisher and is unique to that title or edition, allocated in accordance with the stipulations of ISO 2108 and the ISBN Users Manual.
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IP	Issue Part [Word Indexed] "6".ip.
	The Issue/Part (IP) index contains the Issue and/or Part for a particular volume of a journal and is displayed in the Source (SO) field.
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IS	ISSN [Phrase Indexed] 1034 7178.is.
	The ISSN (IS) field contains a number, allocated by the International Serials Data System (ISDS) in accordance with ISO 3297 and the ISDS Manual, which identifies a serial uniquely.
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JN	Journal Name [Phrase Indexed] Guardian.jn.
	The Journal Name (JN) index contains the full name of the journal in which the article was published and is displayed in the Source (SO) field. Journal names are indexed as phrases, so enter enough letters of the journal name to locate the name in the index: acta obst (for Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica).
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JS	Journal Section [Word Indexed] Editorial.js.
	The Journal Section (JS) contains the name of the section within the journal where the item appears.
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JX	Journal Word [Word Indexed] Guardian.jx.
	The Journal Word (JX) index is a word index of the names of the journals indexed in the database and is displayed in the Source (SO) field.
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PA	Publication Location [Word Indexed] Geneva.pa.
	The Publication Location (PA) field contains the place of publication for the document. You can search for any word or phrase in this field.
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PG	Pagination [Word Indexed] "7".pg.
	The Pagination (PG) index contains an enumeration of the page(s) and is displayed in the Source (SO) field.
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PT	Publication Type [Phrase Indexed] News Item.pt.
	The Publication Type (PT) field contains the description of the overall form and substance of the document in broad categories such as annual, bibliography, editorial, encyclopaedia, dictionary or glossary, or thesis. A limit to Publication Type restricts retrieval to any of the publication types available from this database. If you select this limit, you will be able to choose from a menu of available publication types.
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PU	Publisher Information [Word Indexed] Hodder Arnold.pu.
	The Publisher Information (PU) field contains the name of the person or corporate body responsible for publishing the item.
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RS	Restrictions [Word Indexed] Copyright restricted.rs.
	The Restrictions (RS) field notes any restrictions on using the data.
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SD	Source Description [Display Only]
	The Source Description (SD) field displays as part of the Source (SO) field and can contain the Volume (VO), Issue/Part (IP), Year of Publication (YR) and Pagination (PG).
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SE	Series [Word Indexed] "Evidence-based clinical practice guideline".se.
	The Series (SE) field contains the name and number of the series that a document belongs to.
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SO	Source [Display Only] "Department of Health".so.
	The Source (SO) field can include a display of all the basic information needed to locate a record, including the Journal Name (JN), Volume (VO), Issue/Part (IP), Year of Publication (YR) and Pagination (PG).
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SS	Search Packs [Phrase Indexed] "caesarean section anaesthesia and analgesia".ss.
	The Search Packs (SS) field contains records assigned to one or more of 900 search packs on key topics in order to provide fast retrieval for those topics.
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SX	Search Pack Word [Word Indexed] caesarean.sx. l58.sx.
	The Search Pack Word (SX) index contains records assigned to one or more of 900 search packs on key topics in order to provide fast retrieval for those topics. You can search the short code (pn4.ss.) or word from a search packs for retrieval of articles (breastfeed.ss.).
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TI	Title [Word Indexed] working mothers.ti.
	The Title (TI) field contains the title of the article or document. You can search for any word or phrase in this field.
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UP	Update Code [Phrase Indexed] 20061016.up.
	The Update Code (UP) field is displayed in the format YYYYMMDD, where YYYY is the 4 digit year, MM is the month and DD is the day that article was last revised.
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UR	URL [Word Indexed] rcp.ur.
	The URL (UR) field contains the Uniform Resource Locator of electronic documents, document collections and online publisher shops. These URLs may contain full text access or they may require an id and password provided to subscribers.
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VO	Volume [Word Indexed] "6".vo.
	The Volume (VO) index contains the volume of the periodical that contains the article and is displayed in the Source (SO) field.
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YR	Year of Publication [Word Indexed] 2003.yr.
	The Year of Publication (YR) index contains the year the article was printed and is displayed in the Source (SO) field.
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Advanced Searching
You can use special search syntax listed below to combine search terms or strategically develop a search. Full documentation is provided in the Advanced Searching Techniques section of the Online Help.
Operator	Syntax	Search Example	Sample Results
OR	x or y	strep or staph	"Risk factors for early-onset group B steptococcal sepsis"
	The OR operator retrieves records that contain any or all of the search terms. For example, the search heart attack or myocardial infarction retrieves results that contain the terms heart attack, myocardial infarction or both terms; results are all inclusive. You can use the OR operator in both unqualified searches and searches applied to a specific field.
AND	x and y	strep and staph	"Internally, echinacea can be used for sore throats and staph or strep infections. "
	The AND operator retrieves only those records that include all of the search terms. For example, the search blood pressure and stroke retrieves results that contain the term blood pressure and the term stroke together in the same record; results are exclusive of records that do not contain both of these terms. You can use the AND operator in both unqualified searches and searches applied to a specific field.
NOT	x not y	Prematurity not mortality	"findings during lung development and in chronic lung disease of prematurity"
	The NOT operator retrieves records that contain the first search term and excludes the second search term. For example, the search health reform not health maintenance organizations retrieves only those records that contain the term health reform but excludes the term health maintenance organizations. In this way, you can use the NOT operator to restrict results to a specific topic. You can use the NOT operator in both unqualified searches and searches applied to a specific field.
Adjacency (ADJ)	x y	Education Accreditation	"Midwifery education accreditation council"
	The Adjacent operator (ADJ) retrieves records with search terms next to each other in that specific order. You do not need to separate search terms manually by inserting ADJ between them, because when you separate terms with a space on the command line, Ovid automatically searches for the terms adjacent to one another. For example, the search blood pressure is identical to the search blood adj pressure.
Defined Adjacency (ADJn)	x ADJn y	accreditation adj3 education	"Why accreditation? MEAC and midwifery education."
	The defined adjacency operator (ADJn) retrieves records that contain search terms within a specified number (n-1) of words from each other in any order (stop-words included). To use the adjacency operator, separate your search terms with ADJ and a number from 1 to 99 as explained below: ADJ1 Next to each other, in any order ADJ2 Next to each other, in any order, up to 1 word in between ADJ3 Next to each other, in any order, up to 2 words in between ADJ99 Next to each other, in any order, up to 98 words in between For example, the search physician adj5 relationship retrieves records that contain the words physician and relationship with a maximum of four words in between in either direction. This particular search retrieves records containing such phrases as physician patient relationship, patient physician relationship, or relationship between cancer patient and physician. Please note Ovid’s order of operation handles terms within parentheses first. Therefore it is recommended to apply the ADJn operator in one-on-one operations to avoid missing out on results. E.g. stroke adj4 (blood pressure or high blood pressure) could potentially miss out on some combinations of stroke with high blood pressure. The optimum way to execute this on Ovid is: (stroke adj4 blood pressure) OR (stroke adj4 high blood pressure).
Frequency (FREQ)	x.ab./FREQ=n	"cord blood".ab./FREQ=3	"The value of cord blood interleukin-6 levels for predicting chorioamnionitis"
	The frequency operator (FREQ) lets you specify a threshold of occurrence of a term in the records retrieved from your search. Records containing your search term are retrieved only if the term occurs at least the specified (n) number of times. In general, records that contain many instances of your search term are more relevant than records that contain fewer instances. The frequency operator is particularly useful when searching a text field, such as Abstract or Full Text, for a common word or phrase.
Unlimited Truncation ($)	x$	umbilical$	"umbilical coiling" "umbilical blood"
	Unlimited truncation retrieves all possible suffix variations of the root word indicated. To apply unlimited truncation to a term, type the root word or phrase followed by either of the truncation characters: $ (dollar sign) or * (asterisk). For example, in the truncated search disease, Ovid retrieves the word disease* as well as the words diseases, diseased, and more.
Limited Truncation ($)	x$n	hot dog$1	"consumption of uncooked hot dogs and undercooked chicken"
	Limited truncation specifies a maximum number of characters that may follow the root word or phrase. For example, the truncated search dog$1 retrieves results with the words dog and dogs; but it does not retrieve results with the word dogma.
Mandated Wildcard (#)	xx#y	wom#n	"two type 2 diabetic women"
	Searching with a mandated wildcard retrieves all possible variations of a word in which the wildcard is present in the specified place. You can use it at the end of a term to limit results to only those that contain the word plus the mandated character. For example, the search dog# retrieves results that contain the word dogs, but not those that contain the word dog, effectively limiting results to only those that contain the plural form of the word. The mandated wild card character (#) is also useful for retrieving specialized plural forms of a word. For example, the search wom#n retrieves results that contain both woman and women. You can use multiple wild cards in a single query word.
Optional Wildcard (?)	xx?y	colo?r	"Color flow mapping and Doppler velocimetry in the diagnosis and management of a placental chorioangioma"
	The optional wild card character (?) can be used within or at the end of a search term to substitute for one or no characters. This wild card is useful for retrieving documents with British and American word variants since it specifies that you want retrieval whether or not the extra character is present. For example, the optional wild card search colo?r retrieves results that contain the words color or colour. You can use multiple wild cards in a single query word.
Literal String ("")	"x / y"	"yes / no"	"Question 1 (yes/no format) and Question 2 (trimester-specific design)"
Literal String ("")	"n"	"3".vo	"vol 3, no 1, May 2006"
	Quotation marks can be used to retrieve records that contain literal strings, when the string includes special characters, such as a forward slash (/). Quotation marks can also be used to retrieve records that contain numbers that may otherwise be confused for earlier searches. In the example, a search for 3.vo would limit the string from your third search in your search history to the volume field. By including the number in quotation marks, the search will retrieve documents with a 3 in the volume number.
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Stopwords

The Ovid search engine applies so called "run-time stopword processing". This means the search engine on the fly ignores the stopwords: and, as, by, for, from, in, is, of, on, that, the, this, to, was, were & with.

Therefore a search: at risk for diabetes.ti will also find: at risk of diabetes. The distance of one word in between is kept, but the stopword "for" is ignored.

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Limits

The following limits are available for this database. See Database Limits in the Ovid Online Help for details on applying limits.

Limit

Syntax

Breastfeeding

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to breastfeeding general
limit 1 to problems

A limit to Breastfeeding will restrict retrieval to articles about topics related to breastfeeding. To use this limit, choose from one of the drop-down menu selections. Each selection searches for articles on a subset of topics based on MIDIRS standard searches.

Limit Topic	Includes
Breastfeeding General	Breastfeeding: the advantages for the mother	Economic advantages of breastfeeding
	Breastfeeding: rates and trends	Exclusive breastfeeding
	Breastfeeding: advantages for the mother	Feeding the premature infant
	Breastfeeding: weight gain in infants	Longterm breastfeeding
	Contraceptive effects of breastfeeding	Teenagers breastfeeding – attitudes, complications, promotion
	Complementary, supplementary feeds	Avantages of breastfeeding for the baby
	Diet and nutrition whilst breastfeeding	Weaning: introduction of solid food
Influences	Breastfeeding: professional attitudes, beliefs and knowledge	Public opinion of breastfeeding
	Marketing infant formula	The decision to breastfeed
	Professional attitudes, beliefs and knowledge	Partners and breastfeeding
Practical Issues	Breastfeeding at work	Milk banks and milk banking
	Breastfeeding twins, triplets or more	Positioning the baby for breastfeeding
	Cup and spoon feeding	Safety and hygiene relating to infant nutrition
	Expressing breast milk
Problems	Breastfeeding: diabetic mothers	Nipple problems
	Breastfeeding the adopted baby	Nipple shields
	Breastfeeding following breast surgery	Substances in breastmilk
	Engorgement	Prescribed drugs whilst breastfeeding
	HIV and breastfeeding	Substances in breast milk
	Insufficient milk	Suppression of lactation
	Mastitis
Promotion and Support	Antenatal preparation for breastfeeding	Hospital policies/procedures that affect breastfeeding
	Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative	Midwives and healthcare professionals – role in breastfeeding promotion and support
	Breastfeeding after caesarean section	Peer support and support groups for breastfeeding
	Breastfeeding immediately following birth	Role of breastfeeding counsellors/lactation consultants
	Breastfeeding – why do women give up?

Labour and Delivery

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to "Labour and Delivery Complications"
limit 1 to Monitoring

A limit to Labour and Delivery will restrict retrieval to articles about topics related to labour and delivery. To use this limit, choose from one of the drop-down menu selections. Each selection searches for articles on a subset of topics based on MIDIRS standard searches.

Limit Topic	Includes
Labour and Delivery Complications	Born before arrival	Obstetrics anal sphincter injury
	Breech (not twins)	Postpartum haemorrhage
	Cord prolapse	Postpartum haemorrhage: prevention
	Coronavirus (COVID-19) – Labour, birth and intrapartum care	Premature rupture of the membranes at term
	Female genital mutilation	Retained placenta
	Fetal distress	Shoulder dystocia
	Maternal birth injuries	Third and fourth degree tears
	Meconium	Third degree tears
	Occipito-posterior position	Twin delivery
	Obstetrics anal sphincter injury	Vaginal birth after caesarean section
Labour and Delivery General	Birth chairs and stools	Position and ambulation in labour
	Birth environment	Siblings at the birth
	Birth plans	Spontaneous onset of labour
	Communication in labour	Support/company in labour
	Cultural or religious birth and death rituals and practices	Squatting in labour
	Fathers/partners at the birth	Women’s experiences of labour
Management and Interventions	Active management of labour	HIV – prevention of vertical transmission in labour
	Amniotomy	Induction of labour/cervical ripening
	Caesarean section: antibiotic prophylaxis	Nutrition and hydration in labour
	Caesarean section: caesarean by choice	Prostaglandins for induction of labour/cervical ripening
	Caesarean section: rates, increase, trends	Pushing and bearing down
	Episiotomy and perineal management	Second stage management
	Forceps and vacuum	Suturing the perineum
	Forceps and vacuum: maternal outcome	Third stage management (includes expectant management)
	Guarding the perineum/preventing tears	Vulval cleansing in labour
Monitoring	Electronic fetal monitoring	Intermittent auscultation versus continuous fetal monitoring
	Examining and weighing the placenta	Partograms
	Fetal pulse oximetry	ST analysis (STAN)
	Fetal scalp electrodes
Pain and Pain Relief	Caesarean section: anaesthesia and analgesia	Epidurals: postnatal effects
	Drugs for pain relief	Pethidine
	Drug free pain relief in labour	TENS
	Drugs in labour: effects on breastfeeding	The use of water and underwater birth
	Entonox, nitrous oxide and gas and air	Water as pain relief
	Epidurals	Women’s perceptions of pain and pain relief

Maternity Services

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to "Ethical and Legal Issues"
limit 1 to Maternity Services General

A limit to Maternity Services will restrict retrieval to articles about topics related to maternity services. To use this limit, choose from one of the drop-down menu selections. Each selection searches for articles on a subset of topics based on MIDIRS standard searches.

Limit Topic	Includes
Ethical and Legal Issues	Assisted reproduction	Informed consent
	Confidentiality	Legal issues
	Court ordered obstetrical interventions	Maternal-fetal rights
	Disrespect and abuse in childbirth	Sex selection
	Ethical issues	Surrogate motherhood
	Informed consent
Maternity Services General	Audit: examples	Maternity Services Liaison Committees
	Audit: theory	Medicalisation of childbirth
	Birth outside of guidelines	Normal childbirth
	Culturally sensitive maternity care	Physiological labour and birth
	Clinical governance	Recent government/official reports
	Complementary therapies (general)	Risk management
	Control of childbirth	UK statistics: published sources
	Feminism/gender issues in midwifery and maternity care
Organisation of Care	Antenatal day care	Neonatal intensive care: the costs
	Changing Childbirth	Primary care groups and trusts
	Early discharge/length of stay	Shared/collaborative care
	Digital midwifery	Transitional care
	Hospital security/tagging	Winterton Report
	Informed choice	Woman-centred care
	Informed choice: key references from the MIDIRS Informed Choice initiative	Virtual conferencing (telemedicine)
Place of Birth	Alternative birth centres	Home birth: choice and control
	Domino deliveries	Home birth: safety
	GP units
Special Needs	Antenatal education for teenagers	Services for drug abusing women
	Child protection, child abuse and neglect	Teenage pregnancy: prevention
	Homeless women/travellers	Women in prison
	Jehovah’s Witnesses	Women who are blind/visually impaired
	Lesbian mothers	Women who are deaf/hearing impaired
	Minority ethnic women: special needs and services	Women with a physical disability
	Refugees	Women with learning disabilities

Midwifery

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to Employment Issues
limit 1 to Midwifery Management

A limit to Midwifery will restrict retrieval to articles about topics related to midwifery. To use this limit, choose from one of the drop-down menu selections. Each selection searches for articles on a subset of topics based on MIDIRS standard searches.

Limit Topic	Includes
Education, Training and Professional Development	Advanced/higher level practice	Pre-registration education
	Assessing student midwives	Reflective practice
	Assessing midwives (competency, peer review, appraisal)	Research: critical appraisal
	Consultant midwives	Research: ethical issues
	Counselling skills for midwives	Research: how to do it
	Decision making/problem solving	Research: qualitative methods
	Evidence-based practice	Research: statistical methods
	Learning and teaching methods	Research: the value of
	PhD theses	Revalidation
	Portfolios/professional profiles	Student midwives
	Preceptors and mentors	Writing for publication
Employment Issues	Bullying/harassment	Retention and recruitment of midwives
	Coronavirus (COVID-19) and the midwife	Return to practice
	Job satisfaction	Shifts and rotas
	Job sharing/part-time working	Stress and burnout in midwifery
	Midwives’ uniforms	Stress and burnout in the NICU
	Occupational health and safety	Universal precautions
International Midwifery	Maternal morbidity: rates and trends in developed countries	Midwifery in the Middle East
	Midwifery in Africa	Midwifery in New Zealand
	Midwifery in Asia	Midwifery in the Netherlands
	Midwifery in Australia	Midwifery in the USA
	Midwifery in Canada	Midwifery in Western Europe
	Midwifery in Central and South America	Reproductive health services in developing countries
	Midwifery in Eastern Europe	Traditional birth attendants
Midwifery Care	Care pathways	Midwife led care
	Caseload/one-to-one midwifery	Models of care
	Group practice midwifery	Team midwifery/continuity of care
	Independent midwifery in the United Kingdom	The named midwife
	Integrated midwifery
Midwifery Management	Leadership	Supervision of midwives
Midwifery Management	Managing change
Professional Issues	Autonomy and accountability	Institutional racism
	Childfree midwives/midwives who are mothers	Liability insurance for midwives
	Clinical negligence	Men in midwifery
	Communication/relations with other health professionals	Professional organisations
	Extended role of the midwife	Public health and the midwife
	Health care assistants/support workers	Record keeping
	History and development of midwifery	Role and status of midwives

Neonatal and Infant Care

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to Neonatal Care Adverse Outcome
limit 1 to "Neonatal and Infant Care"

A limit to Neonatal and Infant Care will restrict retrieval to articles about topics related to neonatal care. To use this limit, choose from one of the drop-down menu selections. Each selection searches for articles on a subset of topics based on MIDIRS standard searches.

Limit Topic	Includes
Neonatal Care Adverse Outcome	Infant mortality worldwide	Infant mortality in North America
	Infant mortality in Africa	Sudden infant death: environmental factors
	Infant mortality in Asia	Sudden infant death: physiology
	Infant mortality in Australia and New Zealand	Sudden infant death: sleeping position
	Infant mortality in Central and South America	Sudden infant death: smoking
	Infant mortality in Europe
Neonatal Care Complications	Allergies in infancy	Kidney function and diseases in infancy
	Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie)	Malaria in infancy
	Asthma in infancy	Mechanical ventilation
	Cerebral palsy: causes, diagnosis and management	Meningitis
	Chronic lung disease	Necrotising enterocolitis
	Cleft lip and palate	Neonatal anaemia
	Congenital heart disease	Otitis media
	Congenital hip displacement	PKU in the neonate
	Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the infant	Pain in the infant
	Fetal alcohol syndrome	Patent ductus arteriosus
	Gastroesophageal reflux	Pneumonia in infancy
	HIV infection in neonate	Respiratory distress syndrome
	Hypoxia	Retinopathy of prematurity
	Jaundice and phototherapy	Talipes
	MRSA
Neonatal Care General	Infant development (Cognitive)
Neonatal Care General	Infant cognitive development: motor skills
Neonatal and Infant Care	Colic	Infant vaccination
	Cord blood collection and banking	Infant vaccination in the United Kingdom
	Cord care	Measles vaccination in infants
	Cord clamping	Nappies and nappy rash
	Co-sleeping/sharing a bed	Nappies: reusable vs disposable
	Crying babies	Neonatal circumcision
	Dummies/pacifiers	Polio vaccine in infants
	Hypoglycaemia and glucose levels in the neonate	Skin care of the newborn
	Infant development (Effect of parents)	Suctioning the neonate
	Infant development (Physical)	Temperature measurement and control
	Infant growth	Vitamin K
Neonatal Intensive Care	Breastfeeding the baby in intensive care	Phototherapy
	Developmental care in the NICU	Positioning the neonate
	Effects of neonatal intensive care on the parents	Prematurity and low birth weight: survival and short term outcome
	Enteral and parenteral nutrition	Premature and low birth weight babies: long term neurodevelopmental/intellectual outcome
	Ethical issues in neonatal intensive care	Premature and low birth weight babies: development of motor skills
	Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation	Premature and low birth weight babies: speech, language and auditory development
	Infection control in the neonatal intensive care unit	Premature and low birth weight babies: long-term outcome at school
	Kangaroo care	Surfactant therapy
	Neonatal massage, touch, stroking	The environment in the NICU
	Neonatal resuscitation	Transporting the neonate
	Neonatal resuscitation: teaching parents	Tube feeding
Neonatal Care Screening	Apgar score	HIV screening in the neonate
	Hearing tests	Newborn blood spot screening
	Heel prick: methods and pain management	Routine examination of the newborn

Postnatal Care

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to Postnatal Care Adverse Outcome
limit 1 to Psychological Aspects

A limit to Postnatal Care will restrict retrieval to articles about topics related to postnatal care. To use this limit, choose from one of the drop-down menu selections. Each selection searches for articles on a subset of topics based on MIDIRS standard searches.

Limit Topic	Includes
Postnatal Care Adverse Outcome	Maternal mortality in Africa	Maternal mortality in Central and South America
	Maternal mortality in Australia and New Zealand	Maternal mortality worldwide
	Maternal mortality in Asia	Medication errors (infant)
	Maternal mortality in Europe	Perinatal bereavement (not miscarriage)
	Maternal mortality in North America	Safe Motherhood Initiative
Postnatal Care Complications	Caesarean section: maternal outcome	Obstetric fistulae
	Coronavirus (COVID-19) – Postnatal health and care	Sex and sexual difficulties after childbirth
	Incontinence and pelvic floor damage	Incontinence and pelvic floor damage
	Long term effects of pregnancy and childbirth on women’s health
Postnatal Care General	Grandparents: role in child care and parenting	Racial disparities in infant health outcomes
Postnatal Care General	Parenting: policy, support and initiatives	Seasonality of birth
Maternal Care	Caesarean section: postnatal care and pain relief	Postnatal contraception
	Contraceptive advice	Postnatal exercise
	Maternal satisfaction with postnatal care	Postnatal haemoglobin
	Perineal care	Postnatal visiting
	Perineal pain relief	Rooming in
Psychological Aspects	Adaptation to motherhood	Postnatal depression: effects on baby and family
	Bonding	Postnatal depression: treatment and support
	Caesarean section: psychological sequelae	Puerperal psychosis
	Debriefing and post traumatic stress disorder	Transition to parenthood
	Palliative care for the infant	Sexuality and body image: postnatal
	Postnatal depression: causes, diagnosis and prevention

Pregnancy

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to Pregnancy Adverse Outcome
limit 1 to "Social and Psychological Aspects"

A limit to Pregnancy will restrict retrieval to articles about topics related to pregnancy. To use this limit, choose from one of the drop-down menu selections. Each selection searches for articles on a subset of topics based on MIDIRS standard searches.

Limit Topic	Includes
Pregnancy Adverse Outcome	Miscarriage: bereavement and counselling	Termination for fetal abnormality – psychological aspects
	Miscarriage: causes	Stillbirth
	Recurrent miscarriage	Stillbirth: prevention
Antenatal Care	Antenatal care and socioeconomic status	Estimated date of delivery
	Antenatal hospital admission: psychosocial aspects	Late booking
	Antenatal visits: frequency	Satisfaction with antenatal care
	Booking interview	Women holding own notes
Antenatal Health	Antenatal	Maternal microbiome
	Antidepressants and psychotropic medication during pregnancy and breastfeeding	Maternal obesity: impact on offspring
	Aquanatal exercise	Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy
	Caffeine/coffee drinking in pregnancy	Opioid dependence in pregnancy
	Cocaine and crack	Perinatal mental health
	Common disorders (excluding nausea)	Sex in pregnancy
	Dietary supplements in pregnancy	Smoking: adverse effects
	Diet and nutrition in pregnancy	Travel in pregnancy and with a baby
	Drug abuse: effects on mother and fetus	Use of prescription and non-prescription drugs in pregnancy
	Alcohol: effects on fetus	Maternal weight gain
	Environmental pollution: effects on pregnancy	VDUs in pregnancy
	Exercise and sport in pregnancy	Vegetarians and vegans
	Fetal origins of adult disease	Vitamin D deficiency
	Folic acid	Working in pregnancy
Complementary Therapies	Acupuncture and acupressure	Massage
	Aromatherapy	Osteopathy, chiropractic and physiotherapy
	Herbal remedies	Reflexology
	Homeopathy	Yoga
	Hypnosis
Pregnancy Complications	Allergies in pregnancy	Obesity in pregnancy
	Amnioinfusion	Obstetric cholestasis
	Anaemia and iron supplements	Obesity in pregnancy
	Antepartum haemorrhage/bleeding	Oligohydramnios
	Assisted reproduction: complications in pregnancy and labour	Placental abruption
	Breech: external cephalic version	Placenta accreta, increta and percreta
	Cervical cerclage	Placenta praevia
	Chorioamnionitis	Polyhydramnios
	Critical/high-dependency care in pregnancy	Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia: magnesium sulphate therapy
	Coronavirus (COVID-19) in pregnancy	Pre-eclampsia: aspirin therapy
	Coronavirus (COVID-19) in pregnancy (2021)	Pre-eclampsia: causes and prevention
	Coronavirus (COVID-19) in pregnancy (2022)	Pre-eclampsia: general references and outcomes
	Effects of multiple corticosteroids	Pre-eclampsia: management and treatment
	Eclampsia	Pre-eclampsia: screening and diagnosis
	Edward’s syndrome	Pregnancy induced hypertension: causes and diagnosis
	Fetal growth restriction: screening and diagnosis	Pregnancy induced hypertension: management and treatment
	Fetal growth retardation	Pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain
	Fetal macrosomia	Premature labour and birth: causes
	Gestational diabetes: risk factors and causes	Premature labour and birth: prevention and management
	Gestational diabetes: screening, diagnosis and prevention	Preterm premature rupture of the membranes
	Gestational diabetes: treatment, management, and maternal and infant outcomes	Prolonged pregnancy
	Grand multiparity	Rhesus disease
	HELLP syndrome	Sickle cell disease
	Hydrops fetalis	Teenage pregnancy: physiology
	Hyperemesis gravidarum	Thalassaemia
	Maternal age over 35	Thromboembolic diseases
	Minority ethnic women: physiology	Twins: pregnancy only
	Multiple pregnancy (not twins)	Twin-twin transfusion syndrome
	Multifetal pregnancy reduction	Uterine rupture
	Neural tube defects
Pregnancy General	Coronavirus (COVID-19) – vaccination in pregnancy	Retrieving data. Wait a few seconds and try to cut or copy again.
Health Education	Alcohol: health behaviour, education	Evaluating antenatal education
	Antenatal classes	Folic acid: health education
	Consumer health information	Preparation for caesarean section
	Drugs: health behaviour, education	Prepregnancy care
	Education for labour (Lamaze, psychoprophylaxis etc)	Smoking: health behaviour, health education
	Education for parenthood	Written consumer information
Infections	Bacterial vaginosis	Listeria
	Chickenpox in pregnancy	Malaria
	Chlamydia	Rubella
	Cytomegalovirus	Drug therapy for pregnant women with HIV infection
	Drug therapy for pregnant women with HIV infection	Drug therapy for pregnant women with HIV infection
	Group B streptococcus	Sexually transmitted infections
	Hepatitis B	Syphilis
	Hepatitis C	Tetanus
	Herpes	Toxoplasmosis
	HIV infection: care in pregnancy and labour	Urinary tract infections
	Human parvovirus	Vaccination during pregnancy
	Influenza in pregnancy
Pregnancy Screening	Amniocentesis	Informed choice/decision making prior to screening
	Blood pressure: methods of measurement	MRI and computed tomography
	Chorion villus sampling	Physical examination in pregnancy
	Cordocentesis	Risk scoring
	Cystic fibrosis	Screening in pregnancy: anxiety and distress
	Down’s syndrome screening	Triple test
	Ethical and moral dilemmas in screening	Ultrasound: diagnostic
	Fetal monitoring at home	Ultrasound: safety
	Fetal movement counting	Ultrasound: four dimensional
	Fetal nuchal translucency	Ultrasound: three dimensional
	Glucose tolerance tests	Urine testing
	HIV screening	Vaginal examinations in pregnancy, labour and the puerperium
Social and Psychological Aspects	Antenatal depression	Poverty and socioeconomic factors
	Childhood sexual abuse and effect on pregnancy	Pregnancy after stillbirth
	Eating disorders in pregnancy	Sexuality and body image in pregnancy
	Fathers/partners	Social support in pregnancy
	Fear of childbirth/tokophobia	Teenage pregnancy: psychosocial aspects
	Fetal sentience	Unintended pregnancy
	Maternal stress/life events	Unsupported women
	Mindfulness and meditation for pregnancy and parenting	Violence and sexual assault in pregnancy
Women with Medical Conditions	Asthma	Phenylketonuria
	Cancer	Pneumonia in pregnancy
	Diabetes	Systemic lupus erythematosus
	Epilepsy	Thyroid diseases
	Heart disease

Abstracts

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to abstracts

Command Syntax:

..l/1 ab=y

A limit to Abstracts restricts retrieval to documents which include an abstract.

Full Text

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to full text

A limit to Full Text restricts retrieval to only those records that have links to full text. Both Ovid full text and external full text are included in this limit.

Latest Update

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to latest update

A limit to latest update restricts retrieval to documents which were most recently added to the database.

Local Holdings

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to local holdings

Command Syntax:

..l/1 lh=y

A limit to local holdings restricta retrieval to documents from journals held in your local library or library system. If your System Administrator has created any special messages about a journal's availability, this message will display with the document in the Local Holdings (LH) field.

Ovid Full Text Available

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to Ovid Full Text Available

A limit to Ovid Full Text Available will restrict retrieval to those citations for which an Ovid full text link is available.

Publication Types

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to animal study
limit 1 to blog
limit 1 to debate
limit 1 to mixed methods study
limit 1 to pilot study
limit 1 to secondary analysis
limit 1 to survey

A limit to a Publication Type will restrict retrieval to articles containing the selected Publication Type.

Publication Year

Sentence Syntax:

limit 1 to yr="2005 - 2006"

Command Syntax:

..l/1 yr="2005"

A limit to Publication Year will restrict retrieval to articles with any year(s) covered in the database.

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Tools

Currently no tools are available for this database.

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Changing to this Database
To change a search session to a segment of this database from another database or another segment, use the following syntax in the Ovid Syntax tab:
	Command Syntax:	..c/mwic
	Sentence Syntax:	use mwic
Click on this link to see other Advanced Search Techniques
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Sample Documents

Sample 1

Accession Number
  2021012577
Author
  Park DSJ. Park JSY. Sharma S. et al.
Title
  Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension in Pregnancy.
Source
  JOGC [Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada]. vol 43, no 11, November 2021, pp 1292-1295.
  February 1982, pp 34-36.   
Publication Location
  JOGC [Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada].
Search Packs
  Breast neoplasms
  Breastfeeding
  Neoplasms
Search Packs
  Pregnancy Induced Hypertension - Management and Treatment [P56] 
Abstract
  Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a syndrome characterized by 
  elevated intracranial pressure without an identifiable underlying cause. 
  Pregnancy has unique and important diagnostic and therapeutic implications 
  for patients with IIH. Despite these implications, there are no guidelines 
  to assist clinicians in managing IIH during pregnancy. Our review aims to 
  summarize the key considerations related to the diagnosis and management 
  of IIH during pregnancy, to optimize the care of these patients and mitigate 
  the risk of disease-related complications. The optimal management of IIH in 
  pregnancy should include a multidisciplinary team, including an obstetrician 
  (or maternal-fetal medicine specialist), a neurologist, and an ophthalmologist
   (or neuro-ophthalmologist). (Author) 
Publication Type
  Review.   
Document Type
  Journal article. 
Date of Publication
  20210125  
Entry Date
  2021
Update Code
  20211130

Sample 2

Accession Number
  2021012512
Author
  House of Commons.
Title
  Baby Care Units: Coronavirus [written answer].
Source
 Hansard. Written question 126072, 7 December 2020.
Publication Location
  Hansard.
URL
  https://questions-statements.par...
Subject Heading
  Coronavirus
  Disease outbreaks
  Infant care
  Infant - newborn
  Intensive care units - neonatal
  Parents
Abstract
  Helen Whately responds to a written question from Vicky Foxcroft to 
  the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, regarding pursuant to the 
  Answer of 3 December 2020 to Question 94484 on Baby Care Units: Coronavirus, 
  what steps he is taking to ensure that covid-19 testing is made available to 
  parents of babies in neonatal care. (Author, edited)
Publication Type
  Parliamentary question.

Document Type
  Electronic document.
Date of Publication
  20210125
Entry Date
  2020
Update Code
  20210208

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Producer Information

Producer

MIDIRS
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Email: [email protected]
URL: http://www.midirs.org/

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